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Gastrectomy

Understanding Gastrectomy and Stomach Conditions

A gastrectomy is a surgical procedure where part or all of the stomach is removed. This operation may be recommended for patients with various stomach-related diseases, such as stomach cancer, ulcers, or benign tumours, when other treatments are no longer effective or when disease progression threatens overall health. Sleeve gastrectomies can also be performed for obesity treatment or weight loss, which is a topic covered elsewhere on this site.

What is a Gastrectomy?

Gastrectomies are classified as either partial or total, depending on how much of the stomach is removed. During a partial gastrectomy, only the affected part of the stomach is removed, while in a total gastrectomy, the entire stomach is removed. After surgery, the digestive system is reconnected so that the esophagus (or remaining stomach, in partial cases) can still pass food to the small intestine. Gastrectomy is a major procedure requiring extensive recovery and support, but it can be life-saving or significantly improve the quality of life in individuals with severe stomach conditions.

Gastrectomy in Australia

In Australia, stomach cancer is relatively rare but remains a concerning issue, especially for older adults. According to the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, approximately 1,100 new cases of stomach cancer are diagnosed annually in Australia, with a higher prevalence in males. Stomach cancer cases are more common in certain regions of Asia and South America, which can impact Australian communities with heritage from these areas. Although the incidence rate is lower in Australia compared to global averages, gastrectomy remains a key treatment option for those affected by these and other serious gastric conditions.

Symptoms of Stomach Cancer

Symptoms that indicate stomach cancer include:

  • Persistent abdominal pain or discomfort
  • Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia)
  • Chronic indigestion or heartburn
  • Unexplained weight loss
  • Vomiting, sometimes with blood
  • Loss of appetite
  • Iron defficiency

Causes of Stomach Conditions Requiring Gastrectomy

The need for a gastrectomy may stem from various causes, including:

  • Stomach cancer
  • Chronic ulcers not responsive to other treatments
  • Benign tumors
  • Severe trauma to the stomach
  • Genetic predispositions (e.g., hereditary diffuse gastric cancer)

Diagnostic Tests

To determine if a gastrectomy is necessary, doctors may conduct several diagnostic tests:

  • Endoscopy: To visualise the stomach lining and detect abnormalities
  • Biopsy: To examine stomach tissue for signs of cancer or infection
  • CT or MRI scans: To provide detailed imaging of the stomach area
  • Barium X-ray: To highlight the stomach on X-rays for structural analysis

Potential Complications

Like any major surgery, gastrectomy can come with risks. Possible complications include:

  • Infection at the surgery site
  • Bleeding or blood clots
  • Digestive issues, such as dumping syndrome (rapid passage of food into the intestines)
  • Nutritional deficiencies due to reduced stomach size
  • Acid reflux or bile reflux

Treatment Options and Surgery

Gastrectomy can be performed laparoscopically or through open surgery. The choice of method depends on the patient’s condition and the surgeon’s assessment. Postoperative treatments may involve dietary adjustments, vitamin and mineral supplements, and sometimes medications to aid digestion. After surgery, patients typically work closely with dietitians and their healthcare team to monitor nutritional intake and recovery.

 

For more information or to book a consultation with Dr Craven, please call us on (03) 9852 3777 or email us at info@dralexcraven.com.au.

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Frequently Asked Questions

Recovery time varies, but patients generally need 4-6 weeks for initial recovery and may take several months to adjust to life after surgery.

Yes, it’s possible to live without a stomach. The digestive system can adapt, although it requires dietary changes and lifelong management.

Success rates depend on the cancer stage and other health factors. Early detection improves outcomes significantly, and many patients live healthy lives post-surgery.

Yes, a gastrectomy often requires dietary adjustments, such as smaller, more frequent meals and vitamin supplementation to ensure nutritional needs are met.

Gastrectomy is a critical surgical solution with life-changing potential for those facing serious gastric conditions. Understanding its purpose, process, and implications can help patients make informed choices for their health and future.

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