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Hemorrhoidectomy: Surgical Treatment for Hemorrhoids

What are Hemorrhoids?

Hemorrhoids, commonly known as piles, are swollen blood vessels in the lower rectum and anus. They can cause discomfort, itching, pain, and bleeding, especially during bowel movements. Hemorrhoids are typically classified into two categories: internal, which occur inside the rectum, and external, which develop under the skin around the anus. While many hemorrhoids can be managed with conservative treatments, in severe cases, surgical removal, or hemorrhoidectomy, may be recommended.

 

Hemorrhoids, commonly known as piles, are swollen blood vessels in the lower rectum and anus. They can cause discomfort, itching, pain, and bleeding, especially during bowel movements. Hemorrhoids are typically classified into two categories: internal, which occur inside the rectum, and external, which develop under the skin around the anus. While many hemorrhoids can be managed with conservative treatments, in severe cases, surgical removal, or hemorrhoidectomy, may be recommended.

Hemorrhoids in Australia: A Common Yet Manageable Condition

In Australia, hemorrhoids affect a significant portion of the population, with approximately 1 in 2 adults experiencing symptoms at some point. Hemorrhoid cases are most common in people aged 45-65, but younger individuals may also be affected, especially if there’s a family history of the condition. Lifestyle factors, such as a low-fiber diet, lack of exercise, and prolonged sitting, can contribute to higher rates of hemorrhoids. While not generally life-threatening, untreated hemorrhoids can lead to chronic pain, impact quality of life, and result in further health complications if left unaddressed.

Symptoms of Hemorrhoids

  • Rectal Bleeding: Bright red blood, especially noticeable on toilet paper or in the stool.
  • Itching or Irritation: Discomfort around the anal region, especially when sitting.
  • Pain or Discomfort: Especially during bowel movements or prolonged sitting.
  • Swelling or Lumps: External hemorrhoids can form small lumps around the anus.
  • Mucous Discharge: Some patients experience discharge or a feeling of incomplete evacuation.

Causes of Hemorrhoids

  • Straining During Bowel Movements: Often due to constipation or hard stools.
  • Pregnancy and Childbirth: Increased pressure from the fetus can lead to hemorrhoids.
  • Obesity: Additional weight may put pressure on the rectal veins.
  • Low-Fiber Diet: Insufficient dietary fibre can lead to hard stools and constipation.
  • Prolonged Sitting: Especially on the toilet, which places pressure on anal veins.
  • Aging: The tissues supporting the veins in the rectum and anus can weaken over time.

Diagnostic Tests

To diagnose hemorrhoids, your doctor may perform:

  • Visual Inspection: For external hemorrhoids, a visual examination may suffice.
  • Digital Rectal Exam (DRE): A doctor examines the rectum with a gloved finger.
  • Anoscopy or Proctoscopy: Specialised instruments allow closer examination of internal hemorrhoids.
  • Colonoscopy: In some cases, particularly if rectal bleeding is unexplained, a colonoscopy may be recommended.

Possible Complications

While hemorrhoids themselves are typically manageable, complications may arise without treatment:

  • Chronic Blood Loss: Can lead to anemia and fatigue.
  • Blood Clots (Thrombosed Hemorrhoids): Painful clots can form in external hemorrhoids.
  • Strangulation: A severe condition where the blood supply to internal hemorrhoids is cut off.
  • Infection: Rare, but possible in more advanced cases.

Treatments for Hemorrhoids

Treatment for hemorrhoids depends on the severity of symptoms:

  • Lifestyle Modifications: Increasing fibre intake, staying hydrated, and avoiding prolonged sitting.
  • Medications: Over-the-counter creams, ointments, or suppositories to relieve pain and itching.
  • Minimally Invasive Procedures: Rubber band ligation, sclerotherapy, or infrared coagulation can shrink hemorrhoids.
  • Hemorrhoidectomy: Surgical removal for severe cases. It may involve excision of hemorrhoidal tissue or, in some cases, stapling (stapled hemorrhoidectomy).

For more information or to book a consultation with Dr Craven, please call us on (03) 9852 3777 or email us at info@dralexcraven.com.au.

Frequently Asked Questions

Hemorrhoidectomy is a surgical procedure, and some postoperative pain is expected. Pain is usually managed with medication, and most patients feel relief within one to two weeks.

Recovery time varies, but most people return to normal activities within two weeks. However, some may take longer based on the severity of their case and overall health.

As with any surgery, there are risks of bleeding, infection, and anal stenosis (narrowing). However, these are rare, and the procedure is generally safe when performed by an experienced surgeon.

While hemorrhoidectomy removes existing hemorrhoids, it does not prevent new hemorrhoids from forming. Maintaining a high-fiber diet, staying hydrated, and avoiding straining can help reduce the likelihood of recurrence.

Yes. Consuming a high-fibre diet, drinking plenty of water, exercising regularly, and avoiding prolonged sitting are effective ways to reduce your risk.

Schedule a call with our treatment coordinator for a confidential discussion on whether surgery is the best option for you.